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背景研究2型糖尿病患者血糖及心血管疾病危险因素控制达标情况,以及不同性别及年龄患者在血糖及心血管疾病危险因素控制达标情况上的差异。方法在西班牙开展一项以人群为基础的横断面研究。调查32 638例2型糖尿病患者的基本情况,糖化血红蛋白、血压、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、三酰甘油水平、体质指数以及吸烟史来源于社区医疗电子病历。计算不同性别和年龄患者的控制达标率。计数资料比较采用χ~2检验。结果糖化血红蛋白、血压及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇控制达标标准分别为<7%(53 mmol/mol)、<130/80 mmHg、<100 mg/dl。所有2型糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白控制达标率为60%,血压控制达标率为40%,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇控制达标率为41%。女性患者糖化血红蛋白、血压及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇控制达标率分别为59%、35%、58%,男性患者分别为61%、45%、78%,女性患者控制达标率低于男性患者。65岁以下患者控制达标率低于65岁及以上患者。只有少数患者糖化血红蛋白、血压及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇控制均达标。结论女性及年轻患者在控制目标达标方面差于男性及年长患者,因此对此类患者的管理及护理亟须改进。此外,对2型糖尿病患者心血管疾病危险因素的控制也有待于进一步完善。
Background To study the control of glycemic and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the differences in the control of glycemic and cardiovascular risk factors among patients of different genders and ages. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Spain. To investigate the basics of 32 638 type 2 diabetic patients. HbA1c, blood pressure, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglyceride levels, body mass index and smoking history were derived from community medical electronic medical records. Calculate the control compliance rate of patients of different genders and ages. Counting data using χ ~ 2 test. Results The control standard of glycosylated hemoglobin, blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were <7% (53 mmol / mol), <130/80 mmHg, <100 mg / dl respectively. All patients with type 2 diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin control compliance rate was 60%, blood pressure control compliance rate was 40%, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol control compliance rate of 41%. Female patients with glycosylated hemoglobin, blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol control compliance rates were 59%, 35%, 58%, respectively, male patients were 61%, 45%, 78%, female patients control compliance rate lower than the male patients. Patients under 65 years of age control less than 65 years of age and above patients. Only a few patients with glycosylated hemoglobin, blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol control standards. Conclusions Both women and young patients are worse than male and elderly patients in achieving the goal of control. Therefore, the management and nursing of such patients need improvement. In addition, the control of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes should be further improved.