论文部分内容阅读
利用SSR标记对94份新疆自育陆地棉品种的基因组进行分析,研究新疆陆地棉品种的遗传多样性。结果表明,从分布于棉花全基因组的206对SSR标记中筛选出54对具有稳定多态性的引物,共检测出153个多态性位点,每对引物的等位变异为2~6个,平均为2.93个;基因型多样性(H′)变幅为0.0439~0.7149,平均为0.4491;引物多态信息含量(PIC)为0.0430~0.6640,平均为0.3831。表明SSR标记在品种间可以反映较丰富的遗传多样性信息。94份品种间成对遗传相似系数变幅为0.3846~0.9835,71.9%的品种相似系数在0.601~0.800内,反映出新疆陆地棉品种间的遗传相似性相对较高。根据UPGMA聚类分析,在阈值为0.63时,将94份品种划分为2个类群,说明新疆陆地棉品种间遗传关系相对简单,品种的遗传基础相对狭窄,品种遗传组分差异较小,总体上遗传多样性不够丰富;分子聚类结果与品种本身遗传系谱背景和演变趋势吻合度较高,符合品种的真实特性。研究表明,自育品种在分子水平上差异不大,需要努力拓宽品种选育的遗传基础。
The genomes of 94 Xinjiang Upland Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars were analyzed by SSR markers to study the genetic diversity of Xinjiang Upland cotton cultivars. The results showed that 54 pairs of primers with stable polymorphism were screened from 206 pairs of SSR markers distributed in the whole genome of cotton and 153 polymorphic loci were detected. The allelic variation of each pair of primers was 2 ~ 6 , With an average of 2.93. The diversity of genotypes (H ’) ranged from 0.0439 to 0.7149 with an average of 0.4491. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of the primers ranged from 0.0430 to 0.6640 with an average of 0.3831. It indicated that SSR markers could reflect more abundant genetic diversity information among breeds. The similarity coefficient of the pairwise genetic similarity coefficients of 94 cultivars ranged from 0.3846 to 0.9835 and from 71.9% to 0.601 to 0.800, which indicated that the genetic similarity among Xinjiang Upland cotton cultivars was relatively high. According to the UPGMA cluster analysis, when the threshold value was 0.63, the 94 cultivars were divided into two groups, which indicated that the genetic relationship among Xinjiang Upland cotton cultivars was relatively simple, the genetic basis of the cultivars was relatively narrow, and the genetic components of the cultivars differed slightly. Generally, The genetic diversity is not rich enough. The results of molecular clustering are in good agreement with the genetic background and evolution tendency of the cultivars themselves, which is consistent with the true characteristics of cultivars. Studies have shown that self-raised varieties at the molecular level is not much difference, we need to strive to broaden the genetic basis of breeding.