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基于非线性有限元方法,对路基拓宽工程的基本特性进行探讨。对比分析表明:拓宽部分竖向沉降与侧向位移的数值明显大于旧路基的相应值,且侧向位移在新旧路基结合处取得最大值,这必然导致新旧路基结合处容易出现拉应力区,从而形成常见的纵向裂缝。对于指定的拓宽宽度来说,在路基两侧进行拓宽比仅在某一单侧拓宽更容易减小新旧路基的沉降差,工程实际中应尽量在旧路基两侧同时进行拓宽。路面竖向沉降的峰值随着土体变形模量的增大而减小,随着土体重度的增大而增大。路基的稳定性随着土体黏聚力或内摩擦角的增大而增大,随着填土重度及车辆等效均布荷载的增大而减小。工程实际中应尽量选用重度小、变形模量大且强度高的土体作为路基拓宽部分的填料。
Based on the nonlinear finite element method, the basic characteristics of roadbed widening project are discussed. The comparative analysis shows that: the value of widening part of vertical settlement and lateral displacement is obviously larger than the corresponding value of old subgrade, and the lateral displacement gets the maximum value at the junction of old and new subgrade, which will inevitably lead to tensile stress zone easily at the junction of old and new roadbed. The formation of common longitudinal cracks. For the specified width, it is easier to reduce the settlement difference between old and new roadbed on both sides of the embankment than only on one unilateral widening. In engineering practice, both sides of the old embankment should be widened at the same time. The vertical settlement of road pavement decreases with the increase of soil deformation modulus and increases with the increase of soil mass. The stability of roadbed increases with the increase of soil cohesion or internal friction angle, and decreases with the increase of soil filling weight and the equivalent uniform load of the vehicle. Engineering practice should try to use heavy, deformation modulus and strength of the soil as part of the roadbed to expand the filler.