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目的探索微波、射频及电凝对离体猪股骨干骺端的制热效应的差异,以指导临床应用。方法取30条新鲜成年猪股骨,随机分成微波组、射频组和电刀组,每组10个样本,分别采用微波、射频和电刀进行加热(60W·300 s),旁开加热点5、10、15、20mm测温,比较三组的凝固范围、温度的分布及变化趋势。结果三组凝固范围横径分别为(23.3±1.5)、(14.8±1.1)、(10.8±1.3)mm,纵径分别为(28.1±2.2)、(25.3±1.5)、(22.1±1.8)mm,横纵径均为微波>射频>电刀(P<0.05)。病理切片证实肉眼所见的凝固范围与病理切片凝固范围基本一致。微波组在旁开中心5、10、15mm处的温度均显著高于射频组和电刀组,而三组在旁开中心20mm处温度无显著差异。三组热场分别在240、210和140秒内达到稳态,距离加热中心越近温度越高,上升速度越快。结论微波、射频及电凝对股骨干骺端均具有制热灭活作用,微波热场温度最高,凝固范围大,射频次之,而电刀制热效应最小。
Objective To explore the difference of heating effect of microwave, radiofrequency and electrocoagulation on metaphysis of isolated porcine femur in order to guide clinical application. Methods Thirty fresh adult pig femurs were randomly divided into microwave group, radiofrequency group and electric knife group. Each group consisted of 10 samples, which were heated by microwave, RF and electric knife respectively (60W · 300 s) 10,15,20 mm temperature, compare the three groups of the coagulation range, the temperature distribution and trends. Results The transverse diameter of coagulation range was (23.3 ± 1.5), (14.8 ± 1.1) and (10.8 ± 1.3) mm, and the longitudinal diameters were (28.1 ± 2.2), (25.3 ± 1.5) and (22.1 ± 1.8) mm , Transverse and longitudinal diameters were microwave> radio frequency> electric knife (P <0.05). Pathology confirmed that the naked eye can see the scope of coagulation and pathological sections of the coagulation range is basically the same. The temperature of the microwave group at the 5, 10 and 15mm side of the bypass center were significantly higher than that of the RF and electric knife groups, while the temperature of the microwave group at the 20mm center of the bypass group was not significantly different. The three groups of hot fields reached steady state in 240, 210 and 140 seconds, respectively. The closer to the heating center, the higher the temperature and the faster the rising speed. Conclusion Microwave, radiofrequency and electrocoagulation have thermal inactivation effects on metaphyseal femur. The microwave thermal field temperature is the highest, the coagulation range is large, and the radiofrequency is the second, while the electric heating effect is the smallest.