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文中在综合比较过去各类陆面过程模式优缺点的基础上，主要参考ＢＡＴＳ模式，发展了一个陆面过程模式（ＬＰＭ－ＺＤ）。它具有以下几个特征：１．采用物理方程和经验解析公式相结合的方法进行土壤温度和土壤水汽的求解。在上层土壤，土壤分层较细并采用温度传导和水汽扩散方程求解，而在下层土壤，土壤分层较粗并利用经验方法处理。２．考虑了降水分布的次网格特征及其对陆面水文产生的重要影响。３．较全面地考虑了雪盖对陆面过程的各种影响：对陆面水文的影响、对土壤热传导的影响以及雪盖的高反照率对辐射收支的影响。利用３组单点观测试验资料对陆面过程模式ＬＰＭ－ＺＤ进行了“独立（ｏｆ－ｌｉｎｅ）”模拟试验。模拟结果表明陆面过程模式ＬＰＭ－ＺＤ具有较好的模拟性能，能够比较准确地模拟不同气候区的多种下垫面类型的陆面过程变化特点，模拟结果与观测基本一致。进而又利用一组观测资料和模式ＬＰＭ－ＺＤ进行了一系列敏感性模拟试验，试验结果表明模式ＬＰＭ－ＺＤ对一些参数的确定非常敏感，如初始土壤水汽、植被的物理特性参数以及降水次网格分布因子等，因此提高确定这些参数的准确性是改进陆面模式的重要内容之一。
Based on a comprehensive comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of various types of land surface processes in the past, a land surface process model (LPM-ZD) was developed based on the BATS model. It has the following features: 1. The method of combining physical equations and empirical analytical formula is used to solve soil temperature and soil moisture. In the upper soil, the soil is stratified thin and solved by the temperature conduction and water vapor diffusion equations, whereas in the lower soil, the soil is stratified and empirically treated. 2. The sub-grid characteristics of precipitation distribution and its important impact on the hydrology of the land are considered. 3. The effects of snow cover on the land surface process are comprehensively considered: the impact on the hydrology of the land surface, the influence on soil heat conduction and the influence of snow cover on the radiation budget. Lands surface process model LPM-ZD was simulated by “of-line” using three groups of single-point observation data. The simulation results show that the LPM-ZD model has better simulation performance and can simulate the land surface process change characteristics of a variety of underlying surface types in different climatic regions. The simulation results are consistent with the observations. Furthermore, a series of sensitivity simulations were carried out using a set of observation data and model LPM-ZD. The experimental results show that the model LPM-ZD is very sensitive to the determination of some parameters such as initial soil moisture, vegetation physical parameters and precipitation sub-network So as to improve the accuracy of determining these parameters is one of the important contents to improve the land-surface pattern.