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得克萨斯州哈里斯县(包括休斯顿)儿童结核发病率居美国之首。美国儿科研究院建议每1～2年对高发病区儿童进行一次结核菌素筛查,这在临床应用有一定困难,鉴于许多住院患者忽略健康体检问题,在一些社区将住院患儿的结核菌皮试列为常规。方法在1988年春的11周里,BTGH医院儿内病房的患儿进行结核菌素应试。患儿的年龄、性别、种族、入院诊断和出生地等资料入院时均已记录在案。菌液为5单位剂量纯蛋白衍生物(PPD,结核菌素精品)。皮试前对患儿家长进行适当的Mantoux技术指导,皮试位置在右前臂内侧。医生在24小时做触诊检查,48小时记录皮肤硬结直径大小。有结核史和免疫系统障碍的儿童不属本筛查之列。
Harris County, Texas, including Houston, has the highest incidence of tuberculosis in the United States. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that tuberculin screening should be conducted every 1 to 2 years in children with high-risk disease. This is difficult to achieve in clinical practice. In view of the fact that many hospitalized patients ignore the issue of physical examination, in some communities, tuberculosis Skin test as a routine. Methods In the 11 weeks of the spring of 1988, tuberculin tests were administered to children in the pediatric ward at BTGH Hospital. Children’s age, gender, race, hospitalization diagnosis, and birthplace were all recorded on admission. Bacterial liquid is 5 unit dose of pure protein derivative (PPD, tuberculin quality). Appropriate Mantoux technical guidance to parents of children with skin test before skin test, skin test position inside of right forearm. The doctor performed a palpation examination in 24 hours and recorded the diameter of the skin induration in 48 hours. Children with a history of tuberculosis and immune system disorders are not covered by this screening.