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Nogo-A在神经系统损伤后可抑制轴突再生，导致神经系统的不可逆性损伤，这一机制已被广泛认可。但是No-go-A对神经系统的作用仍有争议。神经元是神经系统的重要组成部分，占据神经系统约10%左右，由胞体和神经突组成，神经突又可以分为树突和轴突，神经元主要功能是接受刺激和传递信息。近几年的研究发现， Nogo-A对神经元起着保护和促进成熟的作用，本文综述Nogo-A对神经元的主要作用。“,”Nogo-A can inhibit the axon regeneration after nervous system injury, which causes irreversible damage of the nervous system. This mechanism is widely recognized. But the influence of Nogo-A on the function of nervous system is still controversial. Neuron is an important part of the nervous system, occupying about 10% of the nervous system, which is composed of cell body and neurite, and neurite can be divided into dendrite and axon. The main function of neuron is to accept stimuli and to convey information. In recent years, the study indicated that Nogo-A can protect and promote neuron to mature and this article was to give a review on the influence of Nogo-A on neuron.