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近年来,在世界各国的电力工业中出现了这样一种趋势:即大型火力发电厂都倾向于以两班制或周期性变动负荷的方式运行。虽然造成这种趋向的因素很多,各国的情况也不尽相同,但总的目的则是为适应电网负荷需要的变化。以上情况在我国也日益突出,以华东地区为例,电网峰谷差本年最大时已接近200万千瓦,估计今后还将继续增大,因此如何满足调峰出力,已成为目前迫切需要解决的问题。由于我国现有中、低压火电机组的调峰能力有限,而水力机组考虑到它的经济性能,又应以满发、多发为原则。过去以带基本负荷为主的高压和超高压大容量机组,就不得不逐渐转向承担调峰负荷的任务,下面将分别叙述我国自行设计制造的12.5万千瓦和30万千瓦机组的调峰试验情况。
In recent years, there has been a trend in the power industry in various countries of the world that large thermal power plants tend to operate in shifts of two shifts or cyclically fluctuating loads. Although there are many factors contributing to this trend and the situation varies from country to country, the general objective is to adapt to changes in grid load requirements. The above situation is also increasingly prominent in our country. Taking East China as an example, the peak difference between power grids and peak valleys this year has reached nearly 2 million kilowatts, and it is estimated that the peak will continue to increase in the future. Therefore, how to meet the requirements of peak regulation has become an urgent need to be solved problem. As China’s existing medium and low voltage thermal power generating capacity of the peak regulation is limited, and hydraulic units take into account its economic performance, but also should be full of fat, and more for the principle. In the past to take the basic load-based high-pressure and high pressure high-capacity large-capacity units, it will have to gradually assume the task of peak load, the following will be described in China’s own design and manufacture of 125,000 kilowatts and 300,000 kilowatts unit peak test .