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中国古代建筑史上有一种特殊的圆形草庐,以茅草材质、圆形平面、穹窿结顶、拱形门洞为特征,零散出现于各种绘画、记述、石窟壁画和雕刻等间接资料中,与常规的木构建筑形态形成鲜明对比。本文通过对各种形象与文字案例的分析,并结合印度犍陀罗的相关形象例证,可考证这种“圆庐”有着外来原型,是随佛教而传入,并有着禅修作用及象征意义;而这种外来的圆庐在中国也存在着本土化的现象,一些类似营造也可能与此相关。这一初步研究对圆庐这种简单原始营造在建筑史研究上的意义与可能提出了新的认识,并对中国古代建筑史中的多样性问题、中外建筑文化的交流问题提供新的视角和理解。
In the history of ancient Chinese architecture, there was a special type of circular grass house characterized by thatched material, circular plane, dome-shaped roof and arched doorway, scattered in a variety of indirect materials such as paintings, accounts, cave paintings and carvings, and Conventional wood construction forms a sharp contrast. Based on the analysis of all kinds of images and texts and the examples of the related images of Gandhara in India, this article shows that this kind of “Yulu” has a foreign prototype and is introduced from Buddhism and has the function of meditation. Symbolic meaning; and this kind of foreign Yulu in China there is also the phenomenon of localization, some similar to the creation may also be related to this. This preliminary study put forward a new understanding of the significance and possibility of this simple primitive construction in the study of architectural history and provided a new perspective for the diversity of architectural history in ancient China and the exchange of Chinese and foreign architectural culture. understanding.