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一、“双元制”是世界公认的最有效的职业教育模式目前世界职业教育的模式很多,但大体可分为三大类。一是以美国、日本为代表的自由市场模式,也称企业模式;二是以原苏联、东欧、法国为代表的计划体制模式,也称学校模式,我国职业技术教育属此模式;三是以德国为代表的社会市场模式,即企业加学校模式,习惯称“双元制”模式。德国“双元制”职业教育,经过几百年的演变发展到今天,作为一种职业教育模式,已经成为德国职业教育的主体,并形成了一套完整的职业教育体系。德国虽处在气候宜人的欧洲中部地区,但它面积小、人口少。原西德面积只有248108平方公里,在全德7500万人口中。原西德人口就有5700万,而且是一个资源特别缺乏的国家。然而二战后,却利用先进技术在世界激烈竞争中保持很强的竞争力,
First, “dual system ” is recognized as the most effective mode of vocational education in the world Currently, there are many modes of vocational education in the world, but it can be divided into three broad categories. First, the free market model represented by the United States and Japan, also known as business model; second is the planned system model represented by the former Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and France, also known as school model, vocational and technical education in our country is this model; Third, Germany as the representative of the social market model, that is, enterprises plus the school model, used to call “dual system ” mode. After several hundred years of evolution, Germany’s “dual system” vocational education has developed to today. As a model of vocational education, it has become the main body of German vocational education and has formed a complete system of vocational education. Although in a pleasant climate in central Europe, Germany is small in size and has a small population. The original West German area of only 248,108 square kilometers, 75 million people in Germany. The original population of West Germany, 57 million, but also a particularly resource-poor countries. However, after World War II, however, it has used advanced technologies to maintain its strong competitiveness in the fierce competition in the world.