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辅助生殖技术(assisted reproductive technology,ART)可通过直接操作、优化单个精子,用于男性少精、弱精、精子畸形、无精子和常规体外受精周期失败等,因违背自然受精的生物学法则而具有很大的遗传风险,其中精子质量优化是降低ART遗传与表观遗传风险的重要手段之一。本文对ART精子表观遗传缺陷及其相关疾病进行综述,以进一步认识精子表观遗传缺陷导致后代表观遗传风险增加的分子机理,阐明ART精子有待于通过DNA甲基化、组蛋白乙酰化、组蛋白甲基化等表观遗传因子进行严格质量控制,切实降低ART遗传及表观遗传缺陷风险的必要性。
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) can directly manipulate and optimize a single sperm, for the men with less, weak, sperm deformity, azoospermia and conventional in vitro fertilization cycle failure, due to violation of the biological laws of natural fertilization and Has a great genetic risk, of which sperm quality optimization is one of the important means to reduce the genetic and epigenetic risk of ART. In this review, we reviewed the genetic defects of ART sperm and related diseases in order to further understand the molecular mechanism of the increased genetic risk of posterity caused by epigenetic defects in sperm, and elucidate that ART sperm have yet to be identified by DNA methylation, histone acetylation, Histone methylation of epigenetic factors such as strict quality control, effectively reduce the genetic and genetic defects in ART the necessity of genetic defects.