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增施有机肥、减少化学肥料的施用是减少环境污染和水稻可持续生产的重要途径。为探明有机肥和无机肥配施对水稻产量形成的影响机制,本研究以杂交稻中优808为材料,比较了不施肥(T1)、纯化学肥料(T2)、等养分条件下53%无机化肥N配合施用47%有机肥N(T3)、86%无机化肥N配合施用14%有机肥N(T4)4种处理间的水稻产量和养分吸收差异情况。结果表明,T3、T4处理比T1处理显著增产;等养分条件下,T3、T4处理与T2处理间的产量差异不显著,其中T4处理的产量略高于T2。与T2处理相比,T4、T3处理的单位面积穗数和每穗粒数分别增加6.08%、6.76%和7.76%、7.27%,单位面积颖花数显著增加14.63%和14.69%,但结实率和千粒重差异不显著;同时T3、T4处理的叶面积指数高于T2处理,提高了粒叶比,源库关系较协调,促进了后期干物质生产和养分的吸收与积累,从而增加了水稻产量。
Adding organic manure and reducing the application of chemical fertilizers are important ways to reduce environmental pollution and sustainable rice production. In order to find out the mechanism of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizers on the yield formation of rice, Zhongyou 808 was used as material to compare the effects of different fertilization (T1), pure chemical fertilizers (T2) The differences of yield and nutrient uptake among four treatments including 47% organic fertilizer N (T3), 86% inorganic fertilizer N and 14% organic fertilizer N (T4) were observed. The results showed that treatment T3 and T4 increased yield significantly compared with T1 treatment. Under the same nutrient condition, the yield of T3 and T4 treatments was not significantly different from that of T2 treatment, and the yield of T4 treatment was slightly higher than that of T2 treatment. Compared with T2 treatment, the number of spikelets per panicle and grains per spike increased by 6.08%, 6.76%, 7.76% and 7.27%, and the number of spikelets per unit area increased 14.63% and 14.69%, respectively, but the seed setting rate And 1000-grain weight were not significantly different. At the same time, the leaf area index of T3 and T4 treatments was higher than that of T2 treatment, which improved the relationship between grain-leaf ratio and source-sink, promoted the absorption and accumulation of dry matter production and nutrients in later period, and increased the yield of rice .