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搜集1994—2011年国内外有关中国旱地施肥处理的102个定位试验点的1146对田间试验数据,采用Meta-analysis方法定量分析了不同施肥条件下我国旱地耕层土壤有机碳(Soil Organic Carbon,SOC)的变化特征。结果表明,与对照(CK)相比,不同施肥措施均能显著提高耕层SOC含量,但不同施肥措施的效应不同。氮磷钾肥配施有机肥处理下SOC增速最大,为0.38 g kg-1a-1,单施磷肥处理增速最小,SOC增速仅为0.032 g kg-1a-1;添加有机肥的处理SOC增速远大于仅有无机化肥投入的施肥处理。不同施肥处理下SOC增速存在一定的空间分异特征且不同时期试验SOC相对变化速率也不相同,早期试验中SOC增速大于中、后期试验;不同种植制度对SOC变化速率的影响亦不同,有机肥的投入可以降低种植制度对SOC变化的影响。SOC积累与否及其幅度并不完全取决于初始SOC含量;随试验年限的增加,SOC增加速率呈降低趋势,仅采用短期试验(<11 a)数据可能高估施肥措施下的固碳潜力。
A total of 1146 field trial data were collected from 1994 to 2011 at 102 locations in China on dryland fertilization. Meta-analysis was used to quantitatively analyze soil organic carbon (SOC) ) Of the change characteristics. The results showed that compared with the control (CK), different fertilization measures can significantly improve the SOC content of topsoil, but different fertilization measures have different effects. Under the treatment of NPK fertilizers combined with organic fertilizer, the SOC growth rate was the highest (0.38 g kg-1a-1), the minimum increase rate of single phosphate fertilizer application was only 0.032 g kg-1a-1. The growth rate is much larger than the fertilization treatment with inorganic fertilizers only. The SOC growth rate under different fertilization treatments had some characteristics of spatial differentiation, and the relative rates of change of SOC in different periods were also different. The growth rate of SOC in early experiment was higher than that in middle and late stages. The effects of different cropping systems on SOC rate were also different, The input of organic fertilizer can reduce the impact of planting system on SOC. The accumulation of SOC and its magnitude are not completely dependent on the initial SOC content. With the increase of the test life, the SOC increase rate tends to decrease. Only the short-term test (<11 a) data may overestimate the carbon sequestration potential under fertilization.