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为了明确国际玉米改良中心(CIMMYT)引进普通小麦种质材料的遗传多样性特点,为其利用提供参考依据,本研究从均匀分布于小麦基因组的420对SSR引物中选择出条带清晰、多态性较好的62对引物对引自CIMMYT的405份普通小麦种质系进行遗传多样性检测。结果表明,62对SSR引物在405份CIMMYT材料中共检测到198个等位变异,每对引物检测到等位变异的数目为2~8个,平均每对SSR引物能够检测到3.19个等位变异。单个SSR引物的PIC值介于0.03~0.79之间,平均值0.48。405份CIMMYT材料A、B、D基因组之间多态性位点数和等位变异数相差不大,PIC平均值B基因组(0.53)>A基因组(0.52)>D基因组(0.39)。聚类分析结果显示,62对SSR引物能够将405份CIMMYT材料区分开来,在0.1285遗传距离处将供试材料分为24个类群,类型较为丰富,不同类群的材料在农艺性状和品质性状上存在差异。
In order to clarify the genetic diversity of common wheat germplasm introduced by International Maize Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and provide a reference for its utilization, this study selected clear and polymorphic bands from 420 SSR primers evenly distributed in the wheat genome, 62 pairs of primer pairs were used to detect the genetic diversity of 405 accessions of common wheat germplasm derived from CIMMYT. The results showed that 62 alleles of SSR primers detected 198 alleles in 405 CIMMYT materials. The number of alleles detected per pair of primers was 2 ~ 8, and the average number of alleles per pair of SSR primers was 3.19 . The PIC value of a single SSR primer ranged from 0.03 to 0.79 with an average of 0.48. There was no significant difference in the number of polymorphic loci and allelic variation between A, B, and D genomes in CIMMYT materials. PIC average B genome ( 0.53)> A genome (0.52)> D genome (0.39). Cluster analysis showed that 62 pairs of SSR primers could distinguish 405 CIMMYT materials, which were divided into 24 groups at genetic distance of 0.1285, with abundant types. The materials of different groups in agronomic traits and quality traits has a difference.