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目的了解两种不同性质学校新生的心理健康状况,为学校教育工作者和开展心理健康教育提供参考依据。方法采用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)量表对349名中职护理新生和185名普通高中新生进行问卷调查。结果无论是中职护理新生还是高一新生,在心理方面均存在一定的焦虑。有焦虑倾向者的总体检出率,中职护理新生55.6%,高一新生51.4%,两者之间的检出率基本一致。心理健康各维度中,中职护理新生在学习焦虑方面无论是评分值还是高焦虑检出率均显著高于高一新生,对人焦虑、自责倾向、恐怖倾向评分值也高于高一新生,而孤独倾向、身体症状的评分值却低于高一新生。高一新生孤独倾向和身体倾向的检出率高于中职新生。另外,高一新生中农村学生有焦虑倾向者的总检出率及身体症状的高焦虑检出率高于城市学生;而中职护理新生有焦虑倾向者的总检出率以及各维度的检出率农村学生与城市学生之间并无显著性差异。结论中职新生和高中新生在心理健康方面既有相同之处,也有差异之处,应根据各自特点加强心理健康教育。
Objective To understand the mental health status of two freshmen of different nature, to provide references for school educators and mental health education. Methods A total of 349 mid-career nursing freshmen and 185 senior high school freshmen were surveyed using the Mental Health Diagnostic Test (MHT) scale. As a result, no matter in secondary vocational nursing freshmen or freshmen, there is some psychological anxiety. The overall detection rate of anxiety-prone persons, 55.6% of secondary nursing students, 51.4% of freshmen, the detection rate between the two basically the same. In all dimensions of mental health, the freshmen of secondary vocational nursing care in the study of anxiety in both the score and the high anxiety detection rate were significantly higher than the freshmen, people anxiety, self-blaming tendency, terrorist tendencies score higher than the freshmen , While the tendency of loneliness and physical symptom score is lower than freshmen. The detection rate of high school freshmen’s loneliness and physical tendency is higher than that of freshmen. In addition, the detection rate of high anxiety among rural students in high school freshmen was higher than that of urban students in the total detection rate of anxiety and body symptom; There was no significant difference between rural students and urban students. Conclusion Both freshmen and high school freshmen have similarities and differences in mental health, and should strengthen mental health education according to their own characteristics.