鉴于冲击式水轮机结构上的特殊性，其流量、效率的在线监测目前在国内的实际应用方面还是项空白．本文针对冲击式机组的具体情况，探讨了基于压差理论的监测途径，在此基础上，结合一个冲击式电站的实例，设计出了利用单片机来实现的方案． In view of the structural peculiarity of impulse turbine, the on-line monitoring of its flow and efficiency is still a blank in practical application at home. In this paper, according to the specific situations of impact units, the monitoring methods based on pressure difference theory are discussed. Based on the above, an example of an impulse power plant is designed and a scheme of using single chip microcomputer is designed.