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目的了解北京市顺义区公园内锻炼的老年人群对雾霾的认知及各项防护措施采取情况,为制定针对性的应对策略和干预措施提供科学依据。方法选取北京市顺义区5家公园锻炼的60岁及以上的老年人群为调查对象,采用自行编制的调查问卷对该人群进行面对面问卷调查。结果共调查310名60岁及以上的老年人。99.68%(309/310)的调查对象知晓雾霾,其中83.17%(257/309)认为雾霾对人体健康危害较大。95.61%(283/296)认为雾霾对呼吸系统有危害,仅有22.30%(66/296)认为雾霾对心血管系统有害。59.67%(185/310)的调查对象知晓空气质量指数,其中45.95%(85/185)会每天查看。雾霾天气时,77.74%(241/310)调查对象减少开窗通风时间,77.10%(239/310)会减少外出的时间,40.32%(125/310)外出回家后会立即清洗面部及裸露的肌肤,30.65%(95/310)总是坚持戴口罩。44.52%(138/310)的调查对象家中安装了空气净化器。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,认为雾霾对心血管系统有危害(OR=4.82,95%CI:1.05~22.21)和知晓空气质量指数(OR=7.21,95%CI:2.05~25.35)为采取防护措施的影响因素。结论北京市顺义区公园内锻炼的老年人群对雾霾危害的认识并不充分和全面,雾霾天气时各项防控措施采取也不到位,应加大相关知识的宣传力度,指导此类人群有效应对雾霾天气。
Objective To understand the cognition of haze and the various protective measures adopted by the elderly in the park of Shunyi District of Beijing to provide scientific basis for formulating targeted coping strategies and interventions. Methods A total of 60 elderly people aged 60 or above aged from 5 parks in Shunyi District of Beijing were enrolled in this study. The questionnaires were used to conduct face-to-face questionnaire survey. Results A total of 310 elderly people aged 60 and over were surveyed. 99.68% (309/310) of the respondents were aware of smog, of which 83.17% (257/309) considered smog to be more harmful to human health. 95.61% (283/296) considered the haze to be harmful to the respiratory system, and only 22.30% (66/296) thought the haze was harmful to the cardiovascular system. 59.67% (185/310) of the respondents were aware of the air quality index and 45.95% (85/185) of them would be checked daily. 77.74% (241/310) of respondents reduced window ventilation time, 77.10% (239/310) reduced the time spent on going out and 40.32% (125/310) cleaned face and nurse immediately after returning home Of the skin, 30.65% (95/310) always wear masks. 44.52% (138/310) of the surveyed households installed air purifiers. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that haze was considered as a risk factor for the cardiovascular system (OR = 4.82, 95% CI: 1.05-22.21) and air quality index (OR = 7.21, 95% CI: 2.05-25.35) Factors affecting the measure. Conclusion The awareness of haze hazards of elderly people exercising in parks in Shunyi District of Beijing is not sufficient and comprehensive. Various prevention and control measures in haze days are not taken into account. Publicity of relevant knowledge should be increased to guide such groups Effectively deal with fog and haze weather.