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目的 : 研究黑米和红米抗动脉粥样硬化 ( AS)和抗氧化作用。方法 : 2 4只雄性新西兰兔随机分为三组 ,饲含胆固醇 5 g/kg,猪油 35 g/kg,米粉 (分别为白米 ,黑米及红米 ) 30 0 g/kg的混合饲料。 1 0 w后处死 ,测主动脉脂质斑块面积 ;肝匀浆活性氧 ( ROS) ;血清和肝总抗氧化能力 ( TAC) ;红细胞和肝超氧化物歧化酶 ( SOD)活性 ;全血和肝谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 ( GSH- Px)活性 ;血清和肝丙二醛 ( MDA)、一氧化氮 ( NO)含量及一氧化氮合成酶 ( NOS)活性。结果 : 与白米组相比较 ,黑、红米二组的主动脉脂质斑块面积和肝 ROS显著降低 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ;而血清和肝 TAC均显著增高 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ;红细胞 SOD活性也显著增高 ( P<0 .0 5 )。但三组间肝 SOD活性没有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ,而且血和肝 GSH- Px、NOS活性以及 MDA、NO含量的差异也不显著 ( P>0 .0 5 )。结论 : 黑、红米可降低高脂高胆固醇饲实验兔的主动脉脂质斑块面积 ,其抗 AS作用机制可能是通过降低体内 ROS水平 ,提高机体抗氧化能力 ,从而减少动脉壁细胞及其它成分的氧化损伤
Objective: To study the anti-atherosclerosis (AS) and anti-oxidation effects of black rice and red rice. Methods: Twenty four male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups and fed with a mixture of 30 g / kg cholesterol and 5 g / kg cholesterol, 35 g / kg lard and rice flour (white rice, black rice and red rice, respectively) The area of aortic lipid plaque was measured after 1 0 w, the activity of liver homogenate reactive oxygen species (ROS), serum and liver total antioxidant capacity (TAC), erythrocyte and liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, whole blood And hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity; serum and liver malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) content and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. Results: Compared with the white rice group, the aortic lipid plaque area and liver ROS were significantly decreased in the black and red rice groups (P <0.05), while the serum and liver TAC were significantly increased (P <0. 0 5). The erythrocyte SOD activity was also significantly increased (P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference in liver SOD activity between the three groups (P <0.05), and there was no significant difference in GSH-Px, NOS activity, MDA and NO content between blood and liver (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: Black and red rice can reduce the area of aortic lipid plaque in rabbits with high-fat and high cholesterol diet. The anti-AS mechanism may be through reducing the level of ROS in the body and increasing the body’s antioxidant capacity, thus reducing the number of arterial wall cells and other Oxidative damage to components