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运用频数分析和对比分析方法,从半球、纬向、洲际和国家尺度研究了世界自然遗产的分布特征,为世界自然遗产的申报与评定、遗产地的保护与管理、遗产旅游的规划发展等提供参考。结果表明,北半球世界自然遗产数量是南半球的2.3倍,东半球是西半球的2.68倍,但南、北半球和东、西半球的空间分布密度分别相当;纬向分布上看,世界自然遗产显著集中在中、低纬度地区,占总量的92%;世界自然遗产数量与大洲面积成正相关,相关系数达到了0.97,空间分布密度和遗产人口密度欧洲和大洋洲最大,分别是4.80项·(106km2)-1、4.67项·(107人)-1;发达国家世界自然遗产分布集中指数达到了1.38,显著优于发展中国家。总体来看,世界自然遗产的区域分布特征与自然环境和人类活动等有着密切关系。
Using the methods of frequency analysis and comparative analysis, the distribution characteristics of the world natural heritages are studied from the hemispherical, latitudinal, intercontinental and national scales to provide the declaration and assessment of the world natural heritages, the protection and management of heritage sites, and the planning and development of heritage tourism reference. The results show that the number of world natural heritages in the northern hemisphere is 2.3 times that of the southern hemisphere and 2.68 times that of the western hemisphere in the eastern hemisphere, but the spatial distribution densities of the southern hemisphere and the eastern hemisphere and the western hemisphere are respectively the same. In the zonal distribution, Low latitudes, accounting for 92% of the total; the number of world natural heritage is positively correlated with the continent area, the correlation coefficient reached 0.97, the spatial distribution density and the heritage population density were the largest in Europe and Oceania, which were 4.80 items (106km2) -1, 4.67 · (107 persons) -1. The concentration index of the world natural heritage in developed countries reached 1.38, which is significantly better than that of developing countries. In general, the regional distribution of natural heritage in the world is closely related to the natural environment and human activities.