食管癌严重危害着人类的健康，占我国居民死亡率的１２－２０％。国内外学者对其病因做了大量的研究，［ｌ，２，３，４，３４］体文就近年来对食管癌危险因素的病例对照研究进展做一综述。１环境因素１．１亚硝胺类化合物 亚硝胺是公认的强致癌剂。广泛存在于环境中，通过食物 Esophageal cancer is a serious threat to human health, accounting for 12-20% of the country’s resident mortality. Domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of research on its causes, and [1,2,3,4,34] essays have reviewed recent progress in case-control studies of risk factors for esophageal cancer. 1 Environmental Factors 1.1 Nitrosamines Nitrosamines are recognized as strong carcinogens. Extensive in the environment, through food