本文尝试论证现代汉语声调与词类范畴之间的象似关系。旨在提出:(一)上古汉语丰富的词尾形态消失以后,部分形态历史性异化为中古时期以音高为主导要素的音高声调,并造成了单音词以音高为主要区别手段的局面。中古以降,随着汉语词汇音节数量增加、长度加长,声调出现了反向发展,即音高别义功能逐渐让位于调长,出现了几乎是全方位的词调短化,形成了以调长为主导要素的音长声调。(二)词的调长可划分为一个长短等级序列,据此可以对现代汉语的词进行语义(语法)分类。(三)现代汉语词的调长等级与其语义(语法)范畴之间宏观上存在着“长短象似”理据关系,微观上存在着“高低象似”理据关系,前者为主流,后者是支流,二者可纳入更高层次的“虚实象似”理据关系。 This article attempts to demonstrate the iconographic relationship between modern Chinese tone and part-of-speech categories. The purpose is to propose: (1) After the disappearance of the rich Chinese suffix form, some forms of historical alienation become pitch tones with the pitch as the dominant factor in the Middle Ages and the situation that the pitch is the main difference . As the number of Chinese lexical syllables increased and the lenght of length increased, the tone developed reversely. That is to say, the function of pitch and alienation gradually got under the control of lengthening, and almost all omni-directional tone shortened, leading to the adjustment of tone Tone pitch of the element (B) word transfer can be divided into a length of the rank sequence, which can be based on modern Chinese words semantic (grammar) classification. (3) There is a “doctor-as-a-pose” rationale between the grades of modern Chinese words and their semantic (grammatical) categories. On the microscopic level, there exists a relationship of “high and low iconicity,” with the former as the mainstream, The latter is a tributary of the two can be included in a higher level “virtual reality icon ” reason relationship.