以某超高负荷低压涡轮叶型为研究对象,利用数值模拟的方法通过改变来流雷诺数、自由来流湍流强度和攻角等工况,研究了其对叶片边界层特性的影响,并通过在叶片吸力面加凹槽、矩形拌线、圆形拌线等被动控制方式来改善叶型性能,结果表明:随着雷诺数的增大叶型损失逐渐降低;随着自由来流湍流强度的增加叶型损失先减小后增大;随着攻角向负攻角方向变大叶型损失先减小后增大,向正攻角方向变大时叶型损失迅速增大;在雷诺数和湍流强度变化时表面凹槽的控制方式较好,而攻角变化时加矩形拌线和圆形拌线的控制方式较好.3种被动控制方式促发转捩提前发生抑制分离泡,但都会引起湍流湿面积的增加. Taking an ultra-high-load and low-pressure turbine blade as the research object, this paper studied the influence on the characteristics of the boundary layer by changing the Reynolds number of flow, the free-flow turbulence intensity and the angle of attack by numerical simulation. The results showed that the leaf type loss gradually decreased with the increase of Reynolds number. With the increase of free flow turbulence intensity As the angle of attack increases, the loss increases first and then increases when the angle of attack increases toward the negative angle of attack, while the loss increases rapidly toward the direction of positive attack angle. At the Reynolds number And turbulence intensity change surface groove control method is better, while the angle of attack changes plus rectangular and circular mixing line control method is better .3 kinds of passive control method to trigger the turnaround to inhibit the separation of bubbles in advance, Will cause turbulence wet area increase.