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1891年,在长江中下游江苏、安徽、湖北等省,接连发生以反基督教为形式的抗拒外来侵略的群众性斗争,各国驻华使臣纷纷向清政府提出抗议,认为此类事件皆由有人刊布诽谤西教、洋人的书画揭帖引起,而这些书画揭帖大半在长沙府造刊,其首要人物名周汉。要求设法禁止,并予惩办。于是造成了轰动中外、连续八年之久的周汉反洋教案。周汉是怎样一位历史人物?周汉反洋教案的大体过程怎样?用汉反洋教斗争有些什么特点?如何评价周汉反洋教斗争以及一般反洋教运动?这些就是本文试图加以论述的问题。
In 1891, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu, Anhui and Hubei provinces, successive mass protests against foreign aggression took the form of anti-Christianism. All ambassadors to China filed protests with the Qing government, claiming that such incidents were caused by the presence of some Publication slander Xizhan, foreigners painting and calligraphy release caused the majority of these paintings and calligraphy published in Changsha House magazine, the first person named Zhou Han. Demanding that they be banned and punished. So created a sensation at home and abroad, for eight consecutive years of the anti-Chinese Zhou Yang Han lesson plans. What kind of historical figure is Zhou Han? What is the general process of the Zhou Han anti-foreign religious teaching? What are the characteristics of the anti-Chinese anti-foreign education struggle? How to evaluate the anti-Chinese religious struggle of the Han Dynasty and the anti-Chinese religious movement in general? The problem.