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发轫于 1 9世纪 40年代 ,形成于 60年代 ,成熟于 90年代的洋务思想 ,应从两个角度去评价 :首先从理论形态上看 ,它是 1 9世纪 60至 90年代中国社会最先进、最科学的思想理论 ;其次从历史作用上看 ,由于洋务思想是一种带有资本主义因素的封建主义思想 ,这种理论上的双重性决定了它的历史作用也是双重性的。中法战争前 ,它在倡导学习西方 ,反对封建顽固思想的斗争中起了进步的积极作用 ;中法战争以后 ,特别是甲午战争以后 ,它继续抱残守缺 ,反对变革中国封建社会之“体” ,因而成为一种落后的、保守的思想 ,并使由洋务运动开始的中国近代化运动丧失了继续前进的可能。
Developed in the 1940s, the Westernization Thought, formed in the 1960s and maturing in the 1990s, should be evaluated from two perspectives. First of all, from a theoretical point of view, it is the most advanced and the most advanced in China in the 1960s and 1990s Second, from a historical perspective, since the Westernization Thought was a feudal ideology with capitalist elements, this duality of theory decided that its historic role was also dual. Before the Sino-French War, it played a positive and progressive role in advocating the study of the West and opposing the feudal die-hard ideology. After the Sino-French War, especially after the Sino-French War, it continued to persevere and oppose the transformation of the “body” of Chinese feudal society, Thus becoming a kind of backward and conservative thinking, and made it impossible for the Chinese modern movement started by the Westernization Movement to move on.