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针对精密零件的半球表面上微小功能孔的位置测量需求,研制了一套基于二维扫描机构、图像获取单元和精密隔振工作台的机器视觉测量系统.本文提出了基于二维正交旋转扫描测量微小孔孔间位置的理论方法和数学模型,探讨了在图像处理过程中小孔边缘的提取算法以及小孔空心位置的计算方法.为了验证测量系统对半球面微小孔位置的测量能力,实验中选用了半球面半径为60 mm、小孔半径为2 mm的工件作为测量对象;利用光学准直仪验证了小孔位置的测量重复性和测量精度等性能指标,实验结果显示测量重复性误差为1.0″和1.4″,在微孔位置测量偏差的极大值为2.13″和4.13″.
Aiming at the need of measuring the position of tiny holes on the hemispherical surface of precision parts, a machine vision measuring system based on two-dimensional scanning mechanism, image acquisition unit and precision vibration isolation workbench was developed.In this paper, two-dimensional orthogonal rotation scanning In order to verify the measurement system’s ability to measure the location of the tiny holes in the hemispherical surface, the experimental and mathematical models for measuring the position of the small holes are discussed, and the algorithms for calculating the edge of the small holes and the calculation of the hollow position of the small holes are discussed. In the selection of the hemispherical radius of 60 mm, the hole radius of 2 mm of the workpiece as the measurement object; the use of optical collimator verify the measurement of small hole position repeatability and measurement accuracy and other performance indicators, the experimental results show that the measurement repeatability error 1.0 “and 1.4”, and the maximum values of measurement deviation at micropore are 2.13 “and 4.13”.