对10年间肺心病住院患者512例痰菌培养1397例次的结果变化进行探讨。发现在住院的初、中、后三个时期中,革兰氏阴性杆菌的感染率分别为41.8%,77.5%,28.14%;从病程看,随着住院次数的增加,革兰氏阴性杆菌的感染率增高,一、二、三次及三次以上住院的感染率分别为14.6%,35.3%,58%(P<0.01)。本文结果表明,在院内重复感染是革兰氏阴性杆菌增高的主要原因。 The results of 1397 cases of sputum culture in 512 cases of pulmonary heart disease hospitalized in 10 years were discussed. The prevalence of Gram-negative bacilli was found to be 41.8%, 77.5% and 28.14% respectively in the first, middle and last periods of hospitalization. From the course of the disease, with the increase of the number of hospitalizations, Gram-negative bacilli The infection rate was higher in one, two, three and more hospitalizations were 14.6%, 35.3%, 58% (P <0.01). Our results show that repeated hospital infection is the main reason for the increase of Gram-negative bacilli.