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目的分析2004-2014年安徽省血吸虫病疫情动态变化,为制订“十三五”血吸虫病防治规划提供参考依据。方法收集2004-2014年安徽省血吸虫病防治信息资料、疫情监测资料,分析全省血吸虫病疫情变化。结果安徽省钉螺面积自2004年以来呈波动上升趋势,至2011年达到最高近3.1亿m2;自2012年起钉螺面积开始下降,2012年钉螺面积较2011年下降了10.55%,2014年钉螺面积降低到近10年来最低水平。2004-2008年全省钉螺密度处于波动状态,2008年以后全省钉螺密度总体呈下降趋势,自2011年起钉螺平均密度均<1只/0.1 m2。2004-2011年全省钉螺感染率呈现波动徘徊状态,2012年钉螺感染率迅速下降,2013、2014年连续2年未发现感染性钉螺。2004-2014年人群血吸虫感染率呈现逐年下降趋势,2006年以后各年份急性血吸虫感染人数均在50例以下,且病例呈散在分布,2013、2014年全省无急性血吸虫感染发生。2004-2011年家畜血吸虫感染率均>1%,2012年快速下降至0.55%,2014年家畜感染率首次低于同期人群血吸虫感染率。2011年以后,全省血吸虫病传播控制达标进程加速,2012-2014年全省血吸虫病传播控制达标县(市、区)数分别为4、9、14个,乡(镇)数分别为33、76个和32个。结论安徽省血吸虫病防治工作取得显著成效,但巩固成果乃至阻断血吸虫病传播的任务仍很艰巨。
Objective To analyze the dynamic change of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province from 2004 to 2014 and provide a reference for the preparation of the prevention and control plan for schistosomiasis during the “Thirteen Five” period. Methods The data of prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis from 2004 to 2014 in Anhui Province were collected, and the epidemic situation monitoring data were collected to analyze the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in the province. Results The area of Oncomelania hupensis in Anhui province has been increasing since 2004, reaching a maximum of nearly 310 million m2 in 2011; the area of Oncomelania began to decline from 2012, the area of Oncomelania in 2012 was 10.55% less than in 2011, and the area of Oncomelania snails in 2014 decreased To the lowest level in nearly 10 years. The snail density in the whole province fluctuated from 2004 to 2008. After 2008, the snail density in the whole province showed a downward trend. The average snail snail density was less than 1 /0.1 m2 since 2011. The status of snail infection declined rapidly in 2012 and no infectious snails were found in 2013 and 2014 for two consecutive years. The infection rate of schistosomiasis in population declined year by year from 2004 to 2014. The number of acute schistosomiasis in each year after 2006 was less than 50 and the cases were scattered. There was no acute schistosomiasis infection in 2013 and 2014 in the whole province. The infection rates of schistosomiasis in livestock from 2004 to 2011 were all above 1%, and then rapidly dropped to 0.55% in 2012. The infection rate of livestock in 2014 was lower than that of the same period for the first time. After 2011, the province’s schistosomiasis transmission control compliance accelerated, 2012-2014 schistosomiasis transmission control of the county (city, district) were 4,9,14, the number of townships (towns) were 33, 76 and 32. Conclusion The prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province has achieved remarkable results. However, the task of consolidating and even blocking the spread of schistosomiasis remains arduous.