目的建立PCR方法快速检测葡萄球菌肠毒素A(Staphylococcal enterotoxin A,SEA)基因。方法根据SEA基因的序列,设计PCR引物特异性扩增靶基因片段,对1株产SEA金黄色葡萄球菌和9株对照菌株进行PCR检测,评价其特异性和敏感性。另检测30株金黄色葡萄球菌SEA基因的携带情况。结果建立PCR方法快速检测SEA基因,扩增产物长度为439bp。PCR反应体系中有29cfu的产SEA金黄色葡萄球菌即可检出SEA基因,30株分离的金黄色葡萄球菌中有10株携带有SEA基因。结论 PCR法可以快速、敏感地检测SEA基因,为金黄色葡萄球菌食物中毒诊断提供依据。 Objective To establish a rapid PCR method for the detection of Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) gene. Methods Based on the sequence of SEA gene, PCR primers were designed to amplify the target gene fragment. One strain of SEA-producing Staphylococcus aureus and nine strains of control strains were tested by PCR to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity. Another 30 strains of Staphylococcus aureus SEA gene carrier situation. Results The PCR method was used to detect the SEA gene rapidly. The amplified product was 439 bp in length. The SEA gene was detected in 29cfu of SEA Staphylococcus aureus in the PCR reaction system and 10 of 30 isolates of S. aureus carrying the SEA gene. Conclusion PCR method can detect SEA gene rapidly and sensitively and provide the basis for the diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus food poisoning.