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塔里木河流域生态环境脆弱,随着流域农业开发活动的持续增强,产生了农业用水挤占生态用水,继而导致生态环境恶化的外部性影响,而且出现制度与管理的矫正失灵。文中从外部性和公共物品理论角度,提出由于流域的水、土资源具有准公共物品属性,而对流域准公共物品的分割管理,是导致外部性影响持续存在的重要原因。课题组还通过对塔里木河流域10个县和两个团场的750户农户进行问卷调查,进一步验证了本观点。
The ecological environment in the Tarim River Basin is fragile. With the continuous increase of agricultural development activities in the basin, agricultural water is used to squeeze ecological water, which in turn leads to the exogenous impact of the deterioration of the ecological environment and the correction of institutional and management failures. From the perspectives of externality and public goods, this paper proposes that the division of management of quasi-public goods in watersheds is an important reason for the continuous existence of externalities due to the quasi-public goods attributes of water and land resources in the watershed. The task force further verified this view by conducting a survey of 750 households in 10 counties and two farms in the Tarim River Basin.