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人们运用语言交流思想时,都力争表达得清楚明白,生动形象,让人看了、听了印象深刻。有时,同一个意思运用不同的形式来表达,其效果就大不一样。如:“田野里,小虫为他演奏;果园里,麻雀为他歌唱。”(《小音乐家扬科》)和“田野里,小虫在啾啾地叫;果园里,麻雀在叽叽喳喳地闹”。这两句虽然都是一个意思,但是表达的效果却大不一样。前者将事物当作人来描写,赋予它们以人的言行,读来给人印象深刻。这种把事物当作人来描写,使事物人格化的方法,就是“拟人”修辞格。
When people use language to exchange ideas, they all strive to express clearly, vividly, make people read, and have been impressed. Sometimes, the same meaning expressed in different forms, the effect is quite different. Such as: “The field, the bugs play for him; the orchard, the sparrows sing for him.” (“Little Janko”) and “In the fields, the bugs are chirping; in the orchard, the sparrows are twittering ”. Although these two sentences are all meanings, the effect of expression is quite different. The former people to describe things as people, given them words and deeds, read impressive. This method of describing things as human beings and personalizing things is the “personification” figure of speech.