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向塔里木河下游应急生态输水对于胡杨为主体的荒漠河岸植被的恢复和自然更新产生了积极的影响。本文根据近5年对塔里木河下游阿拉干地区的大量野外调查数据,分析了应急输水对该地区地下水位上升及胡杨各项生态指标的影响。结果显示:随着应急生态输水的继续和扩大,塔河下游典型监测断面——阿拉干的地下水位逐渐抬升,水质得到改善,河道附近的地下水埋深已经由输水前的10~12m抬升至5.5~6.2m。胡杨的部分生态指标对输水有不同程度的响应;具体表现在,在垂直河道方向上,离河道越近胡杨各项生态指标,即盖度、郁闭度、冠幅、萌生枝、树冠疏失度以及次生苗和实生苗出现的频率等对输水的响应越显著。总体来说,在河道200m范围之内,生态输水对胡杨恢复的影响程度是显著的;在200~800m之间,为中度影响;800m以上的距离几乎无影响。
The emergency ecological water conveyance to the lower reaches of the Tarim River has a positive impact on the restoration and natural regeneration of desert riparian vegetation mainly poplar. Based on a large amount of field survey data in the lower reaches of the Tarim River in the past five years, this paper analyzes the impact of emergency water delivery on the rise of groundwater level and various ecological indicators of Populus euphratica. The results show that with the continuation and expansion of emergency ecological water conveyance, the groundwater level in the typical monitoring section of the Lower Tarim - Alashan rises gradually and the water quality is improved. The groundwater depth near the river channel has been lifted by 10 ~ 12m before water conveyance To 5.5 ~ 6.2m. Some ecological indicators of Populus euphratica have different degrees of response to water diversion; specifically, in the vertical direction of the river, the ecological indicators of Populus euphratica, such as cover, canopy density, crown width, sprouting branch, Degree and secondary and seedling emergence frequency of the more obvious response to water. Overall, within 200m of the river, the effect of ecological water conveyance on the restoration of Populus euphratica is remarkable; it is moderately affected in the range of 200-800m; it is almost not affected by the distance of 800m or more.