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目的研究孝感地区儿童呼吸道流感嗜血杆菌感染现状及耐药性,为临床抗感染治疗提供依据,以便有效指导临床合理用药。方法对孝感市中心医院2008年1月-2010年1月儿科门诊及住院患儿呼吸道感染患儿的鼻咽分泌物及深部吸痰,进行细菌培养,菌种鉴定,并用K-B法进行药敏试验,头孢硝噻酚试验检测β-内酰胺酶。结果 2年间共分离出H i 92株,对氨苄西林、复方新诺明、氯霉素的耐药率较高,分别为43.5%、57.6%、26%,对左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、阿奇霉素、头孢噻肟、头孢呋辛、氨苄西林/舒巴坦的敏感性均较高,耐药率分别为3.3%、4.3%、2.2%、4.3%、8.7%、8.7%,均小于10%,产酶率为32.6%。结论孝感地区儿童呼吸道流感嗜血杆菌耐药形势较为严峻,产酶率较高,应引起临床高度重视。治疗以二、三代头孢菌素及其复合制剂为首选。
Objective To study the current status and drug resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in children in Xiaogan area and to provide basis for clinical anti-infective treatment in order to guide clinical rational drug use. Methods Nasopharyngeal secretions and deep suctioning sputum from pediatric outpatients and hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection in Xiaogan Central Hospital from January 2008 to January 2010 were tested for bacterial culture and strain identification, , Cefotaxime test for beta-lactamase. Results A total of 92 strains of H i were isolated during the past two years. The resistance rates to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and chloramphenicol were 43.5%, 57.6% and 26%, respectively. Levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin , Cefotaxime, cefuroxime and ampicillin / sulbactam were all higher than those in the control group. The rates of resistance were 3.3%, 4.3%, 2.2%, 4.3%, 8.7% and 8.7%, all less than 10% The rate of enzyme production was 32.6%. Conclusion The drug resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in children with respiratory tract infection in Xiaogan area is more serious and the rate of enzyme production is higher, which should be paid more attention in clinic. Treatment of second and third generation cephalosporins and their compound preparations for the first choice.