本文意在重审学衡派这样一个在五四时期与新文化运动尖锐对立的思想派别。通过考察它与新人文主义理论的联系，以及它与新文化运动在进化论、浪漫主义、模仿、历史与传统等观念问题上的根本分歧，揭示出学衡派的基本思路与观点，并对它与新文化运动的相互作用作出历史的评价。 This article aims to re-examine the school of scholasticism that was sharply opposed to the New Culture Movement during the May 4th Movement. By examining its connection with neo-humanism and its fundamental disagreement with the New Culture Movement on such issues as evolutionism, romanticism, imitation, history and tradition, this paper reveals the basic ideas and perspectives of Xueheng School, And the new cultural movement to make a historic evaluation of the interaction.