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为什么产业政策在某些国家有效,而在其他国家无效?通过比较俄罗斯和中国近十年的产业政策,可以得出这一问题的一系列有趣的答案。对于俄罗斯和中国这两个国家来说,促进经济增长和现代化成为了最近十年来的政策最优先考虑的方面。但是,当中国的产业政策在可持续发展中起着至关重要的作用的同时,俄罗斯类似的政策措施却未能成功发挥作用。本文认为其原因在于两国的政府官员和企业家面临着相反的激励机制。结果是形成了有利于中国成功贯彻实行产业政策而阻碍俄罗斯发展的激励氛围。
Why is industrial policy effective in some countries and not in other countries? A series of interesting answers to this question can be drawn by comparing the industrial policies of Russia and China for the past decade. For both Russia and China, promoting economic growth and modernization has become the highest priority for the policies of the past decade. However, while China’s industrial policy plays a crucial role in sustainable development, similar policy measures in Russia have not succeeded. This article argues that the reason is that government officials and entrepreneurs in both countries face the opposite incentive mechanism. The result is an incentive atmosphere conducive to China’s successful implementation of industrial policies that hinders Russia’s development.