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从心理学和文章学的观点看,写作包含着两大要素:一是写作心理,二是写作素养。写作心理,指写作的需要、兴趣、动机和欲望等。写作素养,指观察、思维、分析、概括等能力和审题、选材、谋篇、遣词等写作技巧。 写作心理的核心是写作动机。动机,是一种具有指向性和集中性的心理动因,它决定着主体的意念、行为,以至情感的趋势和倾向。写作动机对写作产生决定性的认同感,它能调动有关心理因素,形成写作的心理机制,并将思维循环往复地定向在某一写作论题上。有了写作动机,才能决定‘写’,‘写什么’和‘怎样写’,才能有目的地、积极地、主动地写。那么,怎样使中学生产生写作动机呢?
From the point of view of psychology and essay, writing contains two major elements: one is writing psychology, and the other is writing literacy. Writing psychology refers to the needs, interests, motives and desires of writing. Writing literacy refers to writing skills such as observation, thinking, analysis, and generalization, as well as issues such as question review, material selection, project writing, and word writing. The core of writing psychology is writing motivation. Motivation is a kind of psychological motivation with directionality and concentration. It determines the subject’s thoughts and behaviors as well as the trend and tendency of emotions. Writing motivation has a definitive sense of identity in writing. It can mobilize relevant psychological factors, form the psychological mechanism of writing, and direct the mind to a certain writing topic. Only with the motivation of writing can we decide to ’write’, ’what to write’ and ’how to write’ in order to write it purposefully, actively and actively. So, how to make middle school students motivate writing?