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制度对经济增长的决定性作用,已经成为经济学家的基本共识。制度为什么能够影响人的行为以及经济增长,业已得到越来越多的解释。问题是,制度的作用及其影响到底有多大?如何刻画与测度?其发生学机理及其决定路径到底是什么?则成为研究中的普遍困惑。以诺思为代表的制度变迁理论成功地重新阐释了经济史中重大事件的经济逻辑,在收获关注和成功的同时,也受到了越来越多的批评。因为诺思将制度变迁最终归结为人口和相对价格变动等外生因素,这不仅使其理论存在不周延之处,而且严
The decisive role of institutions in economic growth has become the basic consensus of economists. Why the system can affect people’s behavior and economic growth has been more and more explanations. The question is, what is the role of the system and how much its impact? How to describe and measure? What is the mechanism of its occurrence and the path of its decision? It has become a common perplexity in the study. The theory of institutional change, represented by Northrop, successfully reinterpreted the economic logic of major events in economic history and gained more and more criticisms while gaining attention and success. Because North eventually attributes institutional change to exogenous factors such as changes in population and relative prices, which not only causes its theory to be unsympathetic but strictly