茅于轼教授和陈平教授就政治经济学基本问题,也就是价值的本源问题发生了争论。为澄清双方的争论,本文构建了一个描述产业结构、需求结构和供需均衡的关系的简单数学模型,从而为正在研讨基本经济理论问题的新政治经济学,找到一个“着手点”。这一简单的数学模型,还能为进一步探讨经济学的三大成就的统一:马克思的劳动价值论、科斯的交易成本理论和新古典经济学的索洛模型的统一,提供新的可能。最后,本文又利用这一模型,清晰地显示出茅于轼反对劳动创造价值学说、反对制定18亿亩耕地红线理论的荒谬。 Professor Mao Yushi and Professor Chen Ping debated the basic problems of political economy, that is, the origin of value. In order to clarify the controversy between the two sides, this paper constructs a simple mathematical model describing the relationship between industrial structure, demand structure and supply and demand, so as to find a “starting point” for the new political economy that is studying basic economic theory. This simple mathematical model can also provide new possibilities for further exploring the unification of three major achievements in economics: the unification of Marx’s labor theory of value, Coase’s transaction cost theory and Neo-classical economics’s Solow model. Finally, this article also uses this model to clearly show that Mao Yushi opposes labor to create value theory and opposes the absurdity of formulating the red line theory of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land.