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目的分析巴里坤哈萨克自治县(以下简称巴里坤县)哈萨克族儿童缺铁性贫血的发病情况及相关发病因素,探讨防治贫血的有效方法。方法 2015年8月至2015年10月,随机对巴里坤县5个乡镇农牧区的352例6个月~3岁的哈萨克族儿童进行营养性缺铁性贫血流行病学调查分析。结果 352例调查对象的总患病率为58.23%(205/352)。其中轻度贫血151例(73.66%),中度贫血49例(23.90%),重度贫血病例5例(2.44%)。6个月~1岁儿童患病率为40.2%(39/97),1~2岁患病率为58.7%(74/126),2~3岁患病率为71.3%(92/129),三组年龄发病率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。居住地区无充足蔬菜的儿童、未及时添加辅食的儿童和6个月后未补充过铁剂的儿童,营养性缺铁性贫血的发病率明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论改善膳食结构,加强卫生知识宣教,是防治巴里坤县哈萨克族儿童贫血的重要措施。
Objective To analyze the incidence and related risk factors of children with iron deficiency anemia in Kazakh nationality in Barkol Kazak Autonomous County (Barkam County), and to explore an effective method to prevent and treat anemia. Methods From August 2015 to October 2015, 352 cases of Kazakh children aged 6 months to 3 years in five rural areas of Balikun County were randomized into epidemiological survey of nutritional iron deficiency anemia. Results The total prevalence rate of 352 respondents was 58.23% (205/352). There were 151 cases (73.66%) with mild anemia, 49 cases (23.90%) with moderate anemia and 5 cases (2.44%) with severe anemia. The prevalence of children aged 6 months to 1 year was 40.2% (39/97), the prevalence rate was 58.7% (74/126) in 1 ~ 2 years and 71.3% (92/129) in children aged 2 ~ 3 years There was significant difference in the incidence of age between the three groups (P <0.05). The incidence of nutritional deficiency of iron deficiency anemia was significantly higher in children living in areas with insufficient vegetables, children who did not receive supplements in time, and children without iron supplementation after 6 months (P <0.05). Conclusion Improving dietary structure and strengthening education on hygiene knowledge are important measures to prevent and cure anemia among Kazakh children in Barkol County.