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目的探讨系统化健康教育对冠状动脉介入术后患者的影响。方法采用便利抽样方法选取2012年5月—2014年5月间于攀钢集团总医院心内科确诊为冠心病并成功进行了冠状动脉内支架植入术,且符合纳入标准的88名患者,并按照随机字母表法分为实验组和对照组各44例,利用个人情况调查表、冠心病知识水平问卷和焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)测定干预前两组患者的基线水平,试验组给予系统化健康教育干预、对照组给予常规健康教育干预。干预6个月后,分别测定两组患者的冠心病危险因素控制达标率、冠心病知识认知水平,以及SAS、SDS评分,并进行对比。结果干预前两组患者的冠心病知识认知水平、SAS、SDS评分的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预6个月后,试验组患者的冠心病危险因素的血压(BP)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、腰围、戒烟、运动的控制达标率分别为86.36%、90.91%、75.00%、56.82%和77.27%,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组的冠心病知识认知总分为(0.60±0.16)分、SAS评分为(40.8±6.2)分、SDS评分为(42.7±5.3)分,与对照组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论系统化健康教育能够提高PCI术后患者的危险因素控制达标率、冠心病知识水平和降低SAS、SDS评分,改善了患者术后的生活质量。
Objective To investigate the effect of systematic health education on patients after coronary intervention. Methods A total of 88 patients with coronary artery disease who were diagnosed as coronary heart disease and were eligible for coronary stent implantation in the Department of Cardiology, Panzhihua Medical Group General Hospital from May 2012 to May 2014 were selected by the convenience sampling method. According to the method of random alphabet, the patients were divided into experimental group and control group, 44 cases in each group. The personal questionnaire, knowledge level questionnaire of coronary heart disease and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and depression self-rating scale (SDS) The baseline level of patients, the experimental group to give systematic health education intervention, the control group to give routine health education intervention. Six months after the intervention, the control rate of coronary heart disease risk factors, the knowledge of coronary heart disease and SAS, SDS scores of two groups were measured and compared. Results There was no significant difference in SAS and SDS scores between the two groups before intervention (P> 0.05). Six months after intervention, the control rates of blood pressure (BP), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), waist circumference, smoking cessation and exercise in the test group were 86.36%, 90.91% and 75.00% , 56.82% and 77.27%, respectively, which were significantly different from those of the control group (P <0.05). The total cognitive knowledge of coronary heart disease was (0.60 ± 0.16) and the score of SAS was (40.8 ± 6.2) , And the score of SDS was (42.7 ± 5.3) points, which was significantly different from the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Systematic health education can improve the compliance rate of risk factors, the knowledge of coronary heart disease and the SAS and SDS scores in patients after PCI, and improve the postoperative quality of life.