本文是国家自然科学基金面上项目“90年代以来发达国家企业人力资源管理创新与中国创新前瞻”（批准号79870046）的阶段成果之一。进入90年代以后，发达国家的企业人力资源管理出现了许多创新，促成的原因是多方面的：人本主义管理理念的确立是创新的主要思想来源；企业外部环? This article is one of the achievements of the National Natural Science Foundation of China in the phase of “the innovation of human resource management in developed countries and the forward prospect of China's innovation since the 1990s” (No. 79870046). Since the 1990s, there have been many innovations in human resource management of enterprises in developed countries due to many reasons. The establishment of the concept of humanistic management is the main source of innovation; the external ring of enterprises,