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语文教学必涉及文言教学,文言教学必涉及文言阅读力的培养。如何有效地培养、提高学生阅读文言的能力? 第一要改变过去“一多一少”的状况。即改变教师讲得多,学生实践(自读、自译、自析)少的现状。 第二坚决把学生放到自读文言的实践活动中去,变被动的接受式弱化学习,为主动的探究(研)式强化学习,有效地强化其自读过程和自主活动。 具体方法是:做到“两个四”。 “一个四”——一曰就地取材,二曰区分难易,三曰增大频率,四曰增加难度。
Language teaching must involve classical Chinese teaching. Classical Chinese teaching must involve the cultivation of reading ability of classical Chinese. How to effectively cultivate and improve the ability of students to read classical Chinese? First, we must change the situation of “more than one”. That is to say, changing the teachers’ speaking is much more, and the students’ practice (self-reading, self-translating, self-examining) is less. The second is to resolutely put students in the practice of self-reading classical Chinese, change passively acceptive weakened learning, become active inquiry-based reinforcement learning, and effectively strengthen their self-reading process and autonomous activities. The specific method is: to achieve “two four.” “One of four”—a place to draw materials in the field, it is easy to distinguish between the two cities, the frequency of the three stations, and the difficulty of the four stations.