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视听产品的网络化造就了文化的无边界化,但也加大了各民族文化被侵占、被同化的风险。各国政府为维护本民族文化的多样性和文化价值观,会倾向采用限制市场准入等规制手段来降低网络视听产品的负面影响。虽然世界贸易组织(WTO)强调减少甚至消除政府限制,推动自由贸易,但是WTO体制的一般例外条款还是为各成员寻求文化规制自主权留下一定空间,而该条款中“必要性”之司法检验是各成员在具体争端实践中寻求合法规制的必经阶段。本文通过论述WTO“必要性”司法检验之权衡过程,梳理WTO司法实践裁断成员国内规制行为合法与否之“必要”标准,并以此为视角审视我国有关网络视听现有法律规制的不足与困境,从而为我国减少文化贸易摩擦、完善文化规制政策提供新思路。
The network of audio-visual products has brought about a culture of borderlessness, but also increased the risk of encroaching and assimilated cultures of all ethnic groups. To safeguard the diversity and cultural values of their own cultures, governments of all countries tend to adopt regulatory measures such as restrictions on market access to reduce the negative impact of online audio-visual products. Although the World Trade Organization (WTO) emphasizes the reduction or even elimination of government restrictions and promotion of free trade, the general exception to the WTO system still leaves some room for members to seek cultural autonomy, and the “necessity” in the article Judicial examination is a necessary stage for all members to seek legal regulation in the practice of specific disputes. This paper examines the “necessary” standard of judging the legitimacy of regulatory behavior in WTO members by examining the trade-off process of judicial examination of WTO “necessity ” and examines the existing laws and regulations on network audio-visual in our country So as to provide new ideas for our country to reduce cultural trade friction and perfect cultural regulation policy.