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为了掌握纵向轨枕轨道振动特性,为优化轨道结构参数提供参考,利用FEM方法,建立纵向轨枕轨道模型。分析了不同减振材料刚度下,纵向轨枕轨道系统的垂向固有频率和振型;并通过对模型施加简谐荷载和随机荷载,分析不同荷载作用下轨道结构的振动传递规律。结果显示:减振材料刚度越大,结构固有频率越大;在2种荷载作用下,结构动力学响应在频域内的主要“峰值”区域与结构固有频率值相吻合,且谐响应的幅值受减振材料阻尼影响较大;当枕下减振材料刚度取20 MN/m时,通过1/3倍频程谱分析可以看出:轨枕到桥面的加速度级在31.5 Hz以上可以衰减40 dB,说明枕下减振材料对纵向轨枕轨道的振动衰减具有显著效果。
In order to grasp the vibration characteristics of the longitudinal sleepers orbit and provide reference for optimizing the parameters of the orbit structure, the longitudinal sleeper orbit model is established by FEM method. The vertical natural frequencies and mode shapes of longitudinal rail sleepers are analyzed under different stiffness of vibration damping materials. By applying simple harmonic loads and random loads to the model, the vibration transmission rules of rail structures under different loads are analyzed. The results show that the greater the stiffness of the vibration-damping material, the greater the natural frequency of the structure. Under the two kinds of loads, the structural dynamic response in the frequency domain mainly coincides with the natural frequency of the structure, and the harmonic response When the stiffness of the pillow under the vibration damping material 20 MN / m, by 1/3 octave spectrum analysis can be seen: Sleeper to the deck of the acceleration level above 31.5 Hz The attenuation of 40 dB indicates that the sub-cushioning material has a significant effect on the vibration attenuation of the longitudinal rail sleepers.