慢性牙周炎的发生与发展是细菌的致病性和宿主免疫反应综合作用的结果,牙周组织的破坏不仅取决于细菌的致病作用,还与机体过度免疫有关。近年研究证实,一类非编码蛋白的小RNA分子——微小RNAs(mi RNAs)在细胞分化、组织发育、基因调节和疾病调控中发挥作用,提示mi RNAs可能参与牙周免疫调控的过程。文章从mi RNAs与牙周免疫的关系入手,探究其在牙周致病过程的调控机制。 The occurrence and development of chronic periodontitis are the result of bacterial pathogenicity and host immune response. The destruction of periodontal tissue depends not only on the pathogenicity of bacteria, but also on the excessive immunity of the body. Recent studies have confirmed that miRNAs, a class of small non-coding proteins, play a role in cell differentiation, tissue development, gene regulation and disease regulation, suggesting that miRNAs may participate in periodontal immune regulation. The article begins with the relationship between miRNAs and periodontal immunity and explores its regulatory mechanism in periodontal pathogenesis.