近年来,胆固醇这个名词可谓人人皆知了。但有些人听多了某些宣传,逐渐变成胆固醇的恐惧症者,见含胆固醇高的食品如猪肝、蛋黄、鱿鱼等都不敢吃,甚至连牛奶也不敢喝了。好象吃进一点胆固醇就会造成高胆固醇血症,形成动脉粥样硬化似的。这样评价与对待胆固醇实在是太不公平了。实际上,胆固醇在体内有重要的生理功能。它虽然有些“缺点”,但只要我们根据它的“脾气”科学地对待,就能促使胆固醇“扬长避短”。胆固醇在人体内的生理功能可列举数条: 1.细胞各种膜结构及神经髓鞘的重要组分动物各种细胞膜几乎全部是由磷脂、胆固醇和蛋白质组成的。在不同的细胞膜中,以及同一细胞不同的细胞器或同一细胞器不同膜层,它们的比例相差很大,而胆固醇是这些生物膜的基本原料之一,如神经髓鞘中磷脂和胆固醇占79％,其中胆固醇与磷脂的克分子比为0.7/1.2;肝细胞膜中磷脂和胆固醇占50％,胆固醇与磷脂的克分子比为0.3/0.5。 In recent years, the term cholesterol is well known. However, some people listen to more publicity and gradually become cholesterol phobia, see cholesterol-rich foods such as liver, egg yolks, squid, etc. are afraid to eat, and even did not dare to drink milk. It seems to eat a little cholesterol will cause hypercholesterolemia, the formation of atherosclerosis like. This evaluation and treatment of cholesterol is really not fair. In fact, cholesterol has important physiological functions in the body. Although it has some “shortcomings”, as long as we treat it scientifically according to its “temper”, it can promote cholesterol to “avoid weaknesses.” Cholesterol in the human body can be cited several physiological functions: 1. Cell membrane structure and an important component of nerve myelin Various animal cell membrane is almost entirely composed of phospholipids, cholesterol and protein. In different cell membranes, as well as different organelles in the same cell or different membrane layers in the same organelle, their proportions vary widely. Cholesterol is one of the basic raw materials for these biofilms, for example, 79% of the phospholipids and cholesterol in the myelin sheath, The molar ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid was 0.7 / 1.2. The content of phospholipid and cholesterol in hepatocyte membrane was 50% and the molar ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid was 0.3 / 0.5.