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目的研究文成县社区居民血脂异常患病情况的现状及其主要危险因素,为制定干预策略提供科学依据。方法2013年采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取文成县4 003名18岁及以上常住居民为调查对象。进行问卷调查(一般情况、吸烟、饮酒、体力活动、膳食及精神因素等)、体格检查(体重、身高和血压的测量)及血生化检测(甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇和血糖的检测),采用χ~2检验分析血脂异常的人群分布,采用多因素非条件logistic回归分析探讨血脂异常的危险因素。结果文成县18岁及以上居民血脂异常患病率为45.32%,男女性血脂异常患病率为40.12%、48.86%。以2000年中国人口构成进行标化后血脂异常标化患病率为44.21%:男为39.43%,女为46.40%。女性显著高于男性(χ~2=29.76,P=0.000),居民血脂异常患病率随着年龄的增加而增加(χ~2趋势=29.25,P=0.000)。高甘油三酯血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高胆固醇血症、低高密度脂蛋白血症患病率分别为22.2%、14.9%、12.4%、8.9%。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果表明,血脂异常与性别(OR=1.317,95%CI:1.115~1.554,P=0.001)、年龄(OR=1.010,95%CI:1.005~1.016,P=0.000)、职业(OR=1.053,95%CI:1.021~1.086,P=0.001)、文化程度(OR=1.146,95%CI:1.055~1.246,P=0.001)、高血压(OR=13.094,95%CI:11.053~15.512,P=0.000)、超重(OR=1.220,95%CI:1.022~1.457,P=0.028)、肥胖(OR=2.376,95%CI:1.524~3.704,P=0.000)有关。结论文成县社区居民18岁及以上人群血脂异常患病率已经达到较高水平,血脂异常与性别、年龄、职业、文化程度、高血压、超重和肥胖有关。
Objective To study the prevalence and main risk factors of dyslipidemia in community residents in Wencheng County and provide a scientific basis for formulating intervention strategies. Methods In 2013, a total of 4 003 permanent residents 18 years of age and above in Wencheng County were selected as the survey subjects by multi-stage random sampling method. (General conditions, smoking, drinking, physical activities, diet and mental factors), physical examination (weight, height and blood pressure measurement) and blood biochemical tests (triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipids Protein, total cholesterol and blood glucose). The distribution of people with dyslipidemia was analyzed by χ ~ 2 test. Risk factors of dyslipidemia were explored by multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of dyslipidemia in residents aged 18 years and over in Wencheng County was 45.32%. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in men and women was 40.12% and 48.86% respectively. The standardized prevalence of dyslipidemia after standardization of population composition in China in 2000 was 44.21%: 39.43% for males and 46.40% for females. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in residents was significantly higher than that in males (χ ~ 2 = 29.76, P = 0.000). The prevalence of dyslipidemia increased with age (χ ~ 2 trend = 29.25, P = 0.000). Hypertriglyceridemia, high-low density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypercholesterolemia, low-density lipoproteinemia prevalence were 22.2%, 14.9%, 12.4%, 8.9%. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that there were significant differences in the prevalence of dyslipidemia and gender (OR = 1.317, 95% CI: 1.115-1.554, P = 0.001) and age (OR = 1.010, 95% CI: 1.005-1.016, P = 0.000) , Educational level (OR = 1.146, 95% CI: 1.055-1.246, P = 0.001), hypertension (OR = 13.094, 95% CI (OR = 1.220, 95% CI: 1.022-1.457, P = 0.028), obesity (OR = 2.376, 95% CI: 1.524-3.704, P = 0.000) Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia in community residents aged 18 years and over in Wencheng County has reached a high level. The dyslipidemia is related to gender, age, occupation, educational level, hypertension, overweight and obesity.