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安徽省芜湖县易太人民公社砖瓦厂,在工具改革的高潮中,制成了一种成本低,效率高的木质快速切砖机。兹介绍如下。木质快速切砖机有着以下优点:一、效率高。一台机器10个人(7人捣泥堆泥,3人操纵机器),每天可生产8—10万块坯子。效率比手工制坯(连捣泥每天每人按600块计算)提高12倍以上。二、减经劳动强度。手工制坯的劳动强度是很高的,而用此种机器时可以代替掼泥、抹砂、晾坯等工序,大大减轻了体力劳动。三、产品质量好。手工制得的坯子,公差一般在3—4公厘,而机制的一般不超过2公厘;干燥时间也比手工砖坯快。四、占用场地小,不受气候条件限制。因手工制坯所需用的人较多,占据的架埂和转动面积很大,往往因雨天影响生产。用机器生产就可以缩小所占面积,并且雨天时可以在厂房内继续进行生产。五、节省材料和工时。制造一部木制切砖机木材用了0.22立方公尺,22号钢丝30公尺,熟铁2.5斤,制造用了27个工,计成本尚不到40元;可以使用半年。手工制坯相应于一台机器的产量所用的坯模、托板等(一台机器相当于200多砖工),一年需用木材30立方公尺,木工480个工时。从以上的数字看出采用木制切砖机可以大大节约原材料和人工,从而降低了生产成本。六、容易制造,便于推广。此机器一般的木工都能制造,而且易于操作,因此适合农村公社推广采用。
At Yiwu People’s Commune Brick and Tile Factory in Wuhu County, Anhui Province, in the climax of the tool reform, a low-cost, high-efficiency wooden quick-cut brick machine was made. This is described below. Wood quick brick cutting machine has the following advantages: First, high efficiency. A machine with 10 people (7 people mud mud, 3 people control the machine), can produce 8-10 million blanks a day. The efficiency is more than 12 times higher than that of hand-made billets (up to 600 blocks per day). Second, reduce the labor intensity. The labor intensity of hand-made billets is very high, and when such machines are used, they can replace muddy mud, sand blasting, and billet drying, which greatly reduces manual labor. Third, the product quality is good. Hand-made blanks generally have a tolerance of 3-4 mm, and the mechanism generally does not exceed 2 mm; the drying time is also faster than that of hand-bricks. Fourth, the occupied space is small and is not limited by weather conditions. Due to the large number of people required for hand-made billets, the framing and rotating areas occupied are large, and production is often affected by rain. Machine production can reduce the area occupied, and production can continue in the factory during rainy days. Fifth, save materials and working hours. The production of a wood cutting machine used 0.22 cubic meters of wood, 22 meters of steel 30 meters, 2.5 tons of cooked iron, the use of 27 workers, the cost is less than 40 yuan; can be used for six months. Hand-made billets correspond to the blank molds, pallets, etc. used for the production of one machine (one machine is equivalent to more than 200 bricks), 30 m3 of timber is required for one year, and 480 man-hours for carpentry. From the above figures, it can be seen that the use of wooden brick-cutting machines can greatly save raw materials and labor, thereby reducing production costs. Six, easy to manufacture, easy to promote. This machine can be manufactured by ordinary woodworking and is easy to operate, so it is suitable for promotion in rural communes.