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目的通过对猕猴的解剖和实验,初步建立一种可行的利用血管化组织工程骨修复猕猴胫骨段性缺损的动物模型。方法对一只自然死亡的猕猴进行新鲜解剖,观察其胫骨的形态及周围知名血管束的解剖路径;将10只猕猴双侧胫骨(共20处)制成中段20mm骨-骨膜缺损模型,随机平均分成2组,实验组在缺损处填塞由骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)和具有特殊外型(侧槽和中空管)的β-磷酸三钙(β-TCP)支架体外构建的复合物,在中空管内移入隐动、静脉的一段,组织工程骨外被带蒂深筋膜;对照组只填塞组织工程骨。另取2只猕猴的无填充物胫骨缺损作对照。钢板螺钉固定。在4、8、12周时间点分别行放射线检测,墨汁灌注标本,组织学检测及标本大体观察。结果各时间点上,实验组在成骨、血管化程度及材料吸收方面明显优于对照组。未填充任何材料的缺损无愈合。各组猕猴术后一般表现无差异;术前、术后表现无明显变化。结论本组实验所建立的猕猴胫骨段性缺损修复模型及组织工程骨血管化方法是有效的、可行的,为组织工程骨的临床应用提供参考。
OBJECTIVE: To establish a feasible animal model of vasculogenic tissue engineering bone repair of rhesus monkey tibial segment defect through the anatomy and experiment of rhesus monkeys. Methods A freshly anatomized macaque monkey was observed and the anatomy of the tibia and the anatomical pathways of the well-known vascular bundles were observed. Ten bilateral macaques tibias (20 in total) were made in the middle 20mm bone-periosteum defect model. The experimental group was implanted with a complex of in vitro constructed bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds with special appearances (lateral grooves and hollow tubes) The tube into the implicit, a section of vein, tissue engineering bone pedicled deep fascia; control group only stuffed tissue engineering bone. Another two macaque non-filled tibial defect as a control. Steel plate screwed. Radiographic examination, ink perfusion specimens, histological examination and specimen observation were performed at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Results At each time point, the experimental group was significantly better than the control group in osteogenesis, vascularization and material absorption. The defects that were not filled with any material did not heal. There was no difference in the postoperative performance of macaques in all groups. There was no significant change in the performance before and after operation. CONCLUSION: The model of tibia ablation repair and the method of tissue engineering bone vascularization established in this study are effective and feasible, which can provide a reference for the clinical application of tissue engineering bone.