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本文阐述了现代分子生物学的成就对综合进化论的发展。生物分子顺序的分析,可以重建物种之间的亲缘关系。遗传密码的发现,证实了所有物种基本的生命机制的统一性。所有物种和个体的遗传和形态发生,都可归诸于基因组的信息。基因组的信息也是自然选择得以作用的唯一信息。核酸遗传信息向蛋白质传递的顺序的不可逆性,证明了“获得性状”是不可能的。分子生物学表明,生命体具有一种结构和机制以保证一模一样地复制自身结构以及复制在这个结构中发生的突变类型。由此可见,生命的特权是保守,进化不是生物的一个规律。有三类与选择进化论格格不入的理论:一是认为物理规律不能说明生命的存在和进化的活力论;二是认为进化不仅是生物的规律,而且是整个宇宙向上渐进的规律的泛灵论;三是以某些热力学家为代表的、主张地球上生命的出现和进化的必然性的泛灵论。如果接受选择的进化论,必须认为生命在地球上的出现,任何物种以及人类、社会的存在,都是在整个宇宙中只发生一次的事件,是完全不可预言的。
This article describes the achievements of modern molecular biology in the development of synthetic evolution. Biomolecular order analysis can reconstruct the genetic relationship between species. The discovery of the genetic code confirms the unity of the basic life mechanisms of all species. Genetics and morphogenesis of all species and individuals can be attributed to genomic information. Genome information is also the only information that natural selection can play. The irreversibility of the order of transfer of nucleic acid genetic information to proteins proves that it is impossible to “obtain traits”. Molecular biology shows that organisms have a structure and mechanism to ensure that their structures are replicated exactly as they are, and that the types of mutations that occur in this structure are replicated. Thus, the privilege of life is conservative, and evolution is not a law of biology. There are three kinds of theories that are incompatible with the theory of evolution of choice: one is that the laws of physics can not explain the existence of life and the theory of evolution of vitality; the second is that evolution is not only a law of biology but also an animism of the law of upward and gradual progress of the entire universe; Animism, represented by some thermodynamists, advocating the emergence and evolutionary necessity of life on Earth. If one accepts the chosen theory of evolution, one must think that the appearance of life on Earth, the existence of any species, and of human beings and society, are all events that happen only once in the entire universe and are completely unpredictable.