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施特劳斯所理解的苏格拉底-柏拉图哲学是关注超越性灵魂经验的“灵魂学”。根据施特劳斯,苏格拉底从关注自然事物转向关注属人事物或政治事物的最根本原因是,政治事物牵涉人们灵魂中的诸种道德判断,诸种关于善恶、美丑、高贵卑贱、正义不义的经验;人们最初是在政治生活中经验到这些重要的灵魂性事物,而灵魂是宇宙或整全的核心。正当或正义的理念就是与正义相关的无比清晰强烈、深邃完美、荣耀光辉的灵魂经验,这是稀罕的“高峰”经验。而较日常的良知与爱欲则是正义的理念、善的理念的痕迹和影象。正是这些灵魂经验构成了古典自然正当学说的根基。苏格拉底-柏拉图哲学被神圣的爱欲与敬畏所驱动、激励,是最高意义上的诗。
The Socrates-Platonic philosophy that Strauss understands is “Soulism”, which focuses on the transcendental soul’s experience. According to Strauss, the most fundamental reason for Socrates to shift from focusing on natural things to paying attention to personal or political things is that political things involve various moral judgments in people’s souls, various kinds of moral judgments about good and evil, beauty and ugliness, noble and humble , The experience of justice and injustice; people first experienced these important spiritual things in political life, and the soul is the core of the universe or the whole. The concept of justness or justice is the incomparably clear, profound, perfect and glorious soul experience associated with justice, which is a rare “peak” experience. The more common conscience and love is the concept of justice, the traces of good ideas and images. It is these soul experiences that form the foundation of classical natural justification. Socrates - Platonic philosophy is driven by the sacred love and awe, motivation, is the highest sense of the poem.